All about the ancient tribes
According to Elward, ″the majority of those who are still living in the towns of San Sebastian and San Jeronimo, Cusco, Peru, at the current time are perhaps the most homogenous group of Inca descent.″
A wide coastal desert, the rocky peaks of the Andes Mountains, and the thick Amazon Jungle were some of the natural impediments that the Inca had to contend with.
However, less than two centuries later, their civilization was extinct because they were victims of what is often considered to be the cruellest incident in the history of Spanish colonial history. In the year 1532, the conquistadors first landed in the New World, led by Francisco Pizarro. They were successful in capturing the Inca leader Atahualpa, and a year later they put him to death.
Between the years 1438 and 1533, when the Spanish first landed in South America, the Inca Empire was at its height of power and prosperity on the continent. From from the year 1200 until the year 1438, the Incas were thought of as a tribe that eventually developed to inhabit an area that was approximately 800,000 square kilometers (308,882 square miles) in size.
At its height, the Inca Empire included much of what is now the countries of Peru, western Ecuador, western and southern Bolivia, northwest Argentina, a significant chunk of what is now Chile, and southwest Colombia. Empire of the Incas
Government | |
---|---|
Government type | Divine, absolute monarchy |
1471 – 1493 | Túpac Inca Yupanqui |
1493 – 1527 | Huayna Capac |
1527 – 1532 | Huáscar |
Machu Picchu, which can be found tucked away in the rocky countryside to the north-northwest of Cuzco in Peru, is thought to have been either a royal estate or a sacred religious site for Inca leaders. However, the Inca civilization was almost entirely eradicated by Spanish invaders in the 16th century.
The winters in Inca are long, cold, windy, and partially overcast, while the summers are brief, warm, humid, dry, and largely clear. In contrast, the summers are mostly cloudy. The temperature seldom drops below 33 degrees Fahrenheit or climbs over 92 degrees Fahrenheit during the course of a year, although it frequently ranges from 40 degrees Fahrenheit to 86 degrees Fahrenheit.
They constructed water storage cisterns as well as irrigation canals that zigzagged and slanted their way down and around the mountains. In addition to this, they hacked terraces into the hillside, beginning in the lowlands and working their way up the slopes.
In spite of the fact that it was within view of the most important religious center at Machu Picchu, a group of explorers has discovered an Inca city that had been lost for generations in the jungles of Peru.
Since the average Inca person stood around 1.6 meters tall, researchers hypothesized that Inca ell (arms) may have been between 40 and 45 centimeters.
The predominant theory holds that the Inca were ultimately vanquished as a result of inferior weaponry, a strategy known as ″open combat,″ sickness, internal turmoil, the daring tactics of the Spanish, and the seizure of their monarch.
Machu Picchu fell into ruin because it had been used as a refuge for Inca monarchy at the time of the Spanish conquest of Peru. At that time, the Inca nobility were held hostage by the Spanish.
The Andes Mountains were the Inca people’s home. South America’s Pacific coast is bounded on its western side by the Andes Mountains, which run the whole length of South America’s western coast. The Andes are the tallest mountains in the Americas, and the plateaus that divide them are likewise located at very high elevations.
During the 12th century A.D., the Inca initially made their appearance in what is now the southeast region of Peru. Some versions of their origin stories state that the sun god Inti was responsible for their creation. In these versions, Inti is said to have dispatched his son Manco Capac to Earth via the midst of three caverns in the settlement of Paccari Tampu to bring the Incas with him.
The Inca Empire, which had its capital in Cusco, covered an area that stretched from what is now Chile to what is now Colombia. The Inca culture was highly developed, and the empire’s varied climates allowed for the cultivation of around seventy distinct plant species.