All about the ancient tribes
The Incas’ diet was mostly composed of root vegetables, all of which are indigenous to the Andean region. Root vegetables were considered to be the most significant staple food. The domestication of many root crops such as the potato, oca, sweet potato, and manioc occurred around 8,000 years ago, according to the findings of archeological research.
It is thought that the Inca civilization was the first to plant potatoes in the Andes mountain region, which is approximately 3,800 meters higher in elevation than the sea level. Around the lake, wild potato plants already thrived, and groups of Inca farmers started domesticating the potato and learning how to store this hardy vegetable.
(Graber 2011) She also claims that the Inca farmed several different varieties of plants that are being produced today, including potatoes, quinoa, and maize. (Graber 2011) Could this be due to the weather in those areas?
Tomatoes were initially cultivated and harvested by the Incas. The tomatoes that were originally planted by the Incas were not very tasty and were rather little (about the size of a pea). There are types of tomatoes that have a very acidic flavor, while others have a very sweet taste. Therefore, while cooking a meal, selecting the appropriate variety is quite crucial.
In addition to vegetables like beans and squash, corn (sometimes spelled maize) served as the primary staple item in their diet. Potatoes and a very fine grain known as quinoa were two of the most prevalent crops cultivated by the Incas. In addition to a vast range of fruits, the Aztecs and Maya were known to choose avocados and tomatoes as their primary sources of nutrition.
A wide variety of tubers, roots, and cereals were used as the primary sources of nutrition. There was a high regard for maize, despite the fact that it could not be cultivated to the same extent as it was further north. Guinea pigs and llamas were the most prevalent sources of meat, and dried fish was a significant food source as well.
Despite this, the Incas, as well as the civilizations who came before them, were able to coax crops out of the steep slopes and sporadic streams of the Andes. They produced hardy varieties of crops including potatoes, quinoa, and corn, among others. They constructed water storage cisterns as well as irrigation canals that zigzagged and slanted their way down and around the mountains.
Soon after their introduction, potatoes from Peru were an essential part of the Incan diet, helping to keep both huge cities and Incan troops alive. Potatoes were so valuable to the Incans that they weren’t just eaten; they were also used to heal wounds, forecast the weather, and facilitate labor and delivery.
They considered the Incas to be archaic, and because of this, they coerced the indigenous people of the Andes to switch from the crops that they had relied on for thousands of years to European varieties such as wheat, barley, and carrots.
They built steps of land into the slope to use for farming, and they cultivated on these steps. Potatoes, quinoa (which is a type of grain), and maize (which is sometimes known as corn) were three of the most essential items in their diet. The Incas were skilled farmers who developed many of the techniques that are still in use today, including those for irrigating and fertilizing the soil.
Potatoes grown in Inca times had skins that were dark purple and had yellow meat. The potato was known to the Incas as ″papas,″ the same name that is still used today. The following is a prayer that historians believe was used by the Inca as they worshiped their gods.
The indigenous people of Peru relied heavily on llama meat as a source of nourishment because of the animal’s relatively large size. It was common practice to use llama flesh in the preparation of charqui, a meat snack that was analogous to the jerky that is eaten today. In the pre-Hispanic meal known as olluquitos de carne, charqui had an important role as an ingredient.
Resilient and sturdy Because it can be grown successfully over a wide range of elevations, potatoes rapidly established themselves as an essential component of their diet. The Incas rapidly discovered that the potato was an excellent food source for long-term storage through a technique that involved drying out the potatoes and mashing them into a material known as chuu.
Guinea pigs were the animals that were sacrificed the most frequently, and it is said that the Incas would murder hundreds of the rodents in a single ritual. Guinea pigs were the most popular animal used for sacrifice. On the other hand, genuine archaeological evidence of this particular ceremony had not been unearthed from anyplace in their region before.
Although it is a member of the amaranth family and is therefore more closely related to spinach or turnips, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), which originates in South America, is sometimes referred to as the rice of the Incas. This is despite the fact that quinoa is a member of the amaranth family.
During the period of the Inca, the only alcoholic beverage that was available was called chicha. Chicha was primarily made from the fermentation of corn and was used during ceremonial, ritual, and convivial activities.
Maize (/mez/ MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. mays, from Spanish: maz after Taino: mahiz), commonly known as corn (North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain that was cultivated for the first time by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico around 10,000 years ago.