All about the ancient tribes
In contrast to the calendars utilized in Western cultures, the Mayan calendar included a zero. The majority of Mayanist researchers, such as Mark Van Stone and Anthony Aveni, subscribe to the ‘GMT (Goodman-Martinez-Thompson) connection’ with the Long Count, which sets the beginning date of the b’ak’tun 13 at 21 December 2012 and the end date of 11 August 3114 BC.
The majority of historians believe that 4 Ahau 8 Cumku, which most likely occurred on August 11, 3114 bce, was the base date that the Maya utilized for the beginning of the ″Long Count″ and the first ″Great Cycle,″ a span of 5,125 years that would conclude on December 21, 2012 ce.
Something unknown occurred before the end of the eighth century and continued until the beginning of the ninth century, during which time it shook the Maya civilization to its very core. By the year 900 A.D., all of the Classic towns that were located in the southern lowlands had been deserted, which meant that the Maya civilisation in that area had come to an end.
According to the calculations that have been made, the first day of the Long Count calendar was on September 6, 3114 B.C. in the Julian calendar, which corresponds to August 11 in the Gregorian calendar. According to the Maya, this day commemorates the beginning of the creation of human beings. It is a fallacy that the Maya were the first people to create a calendar.
The Mayan calendar places the date of the beginning of the world on August 11th, 3114 before now. This day, as shown by the Julian calendar, falls on September 6th, 3114 years before the common era. According to the Gregorian calendar, the cycle will come to a close on December 21, 2012; while, according to the Julian calendar, it will conclude on June 21, 2020.
The calendar was also used to indicate the time of events that occurred in the past and those that will occur in the future.For instance, the dates of events that took place 90 million years ago are recorded on certain Maya monuments, while other monuments make predictions about events that will take place 3,000 years in the future.In the same way as our modern astrological zodiac does, the calendar contained forecasts of the future.
Overpopulation, environmental deterioration, conflict, shifting trade routes, and protracted drought are only few of the possible contributing factors that may have led to the collapse of the Maya civilisation in the southern lowlands.Scholars have also proposed a variety of other possible explanations.It is quite likely that the collapse was caused by a multifaceted confluence of several variables.
Archaeologists are almost unanimous in their belief that the demise of the Mayan civilisation was brought on by a combination of factors, including prolonged drought, warfare, unsustainable agricultural techniques, and overpopulation.
Itza Maya and other lowland groups in the Petén Basin were first contacted by Hernán Cortés in 1525, but they remained independent and hostile to the encroaching Spanish until 1697, when a concerted Spanish assault led by Martn de Urz y Arizmendi finally defeated the last independent Maya kingdom. Martn de Urz y Arizmendi was the leader of the Spanish assault.
Greeks were the ones who provided the Romans with the foundation for their oldest known calendar. A total of 304 days were distributed among the year’s 10 months of the calendar. It would appear that the Romans paid no attention to the remaining 61 days, which occurred in the heart of the winter.
The Ethiopian calendar is based on the Egyptian solar calendar, however it always includes an additional leap day in the fourth year after the previous one. The Amharic calendar, which is based on the Egyptian Coptic calendar, has 12 months that each have 30 days, in addition to an extra month that varies in length from 5 to 6 days, depending on the year.
The number 13.0.584,283 appears in the Long Count as of today, May 3, 2022 (UTC).
Long Count | (proleptic before 1582) Gregorian date GMT (584,283) correlation | Julian day number |
---|---|---|
13.0.0.0.0 | Mon, Aug 11, 3114 BCE | 584,283 |
In 1582, Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain were the first countries to switch to using the Gregorian calendar. It is widely considered to be among the most accurate calendars that are currently in use.
The ancient Roman year consisted of 304 days that were distributed throughout 10 months, with March serving as the first month.However, the ancient historian Livy attributed the creation of a calendar with 12 months to the second early Roman monarch, Numa Pompilius.[Citation needed] As a stopgap measure, the two fictitious additional months Ianuarius and Februarius had been created, reportedly by Numa Pompilius.
How to Determine Your Birthday Using the Maya Long Count: A Guide for Educators